A brain aneurysm(cerebral aneurysm) is a dilation along the arterial circulation within the brain. About 85% of the dilations occur in the anterior circulation, which supplies blood to the anterior parts of the brain. The causes include: hemodynamic stress on the internal elastic lamina, vibrations from the turbulence of blood flow, and T-lymphocytes and macrophages mediated inflammation. Patients with advanced age, hypertensi  Read More

The type, size, and location of the tumor, as well as your general health and preferences, will all affect how you are treated for a brain tumor. Your surgeon will attempt to remove as much of the brain tumor as is safely possible if the tumor is at a location that can be operated on.1. Some brain tumors can be completely removed surgically because they are tiny and simple to separate from the surrounding brain tis  Read More

A brain tumor, general, is the mass growth of abnormal cells in the brain. There are different types of brain tumors, some are noncancerous (benign), and some brain tumors are cancerous (malignant). This can begin in the brain or some type of cancer begins in other parts of the body and spreads to the brain. The treatment of brain tumors depends on the location, size and type of tumor. 1. Treatment of brain tumors  Read More

The particular type of malformation and the evolution of anatomical changes or symptoms strongly influence how Chiari malformations and syringomyelia are treated.1. Asymptomatic Chiari I syndrome should be ignored (this involves most Chiari malformations). Of these, there is no need for "prophylactic" surgery. Treatment is typically advised if the abnormality is deemed symptomatic or creates a syrinx.2.  Read More

A Dural endothelioma is a tumor that arises from the meninges — the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. Although not technically a brain tumor, it is included in this category because it may compress or squeeze the adjacent brain, nerves and vessels. Dural endothelioma is the most common type of tumor that forms in the head. Most Dural endothelioma grow very slowly, often over many years, with  Read More

Inflammation in the brain is a hallmark of the uncommon neurological condition known as encephalitis, herpes simplex (HSE) (encephalitis). Headaches, fevers, sleepiness, hyperactivity, and/or overall weakness are typical symptoms. Some signs of the disease, including a stiff neck, impaired reflexes, confusion, and/or speech difficulties, may be comparable to those of meningitis. Usually, herpes simplex encephalitis is not asso  Read More

temporal lobe resection is a treatment not a disorder  Read More

Hippel disease (HLS) is a hereditary disorder characterized by tumors developing in many organs. It results from a VHL gene mutation (change). Hemangioblastomas, which are blood vessel tumors of the brain, spinal cord, and retina, are tumors associated with HLS. Retinal tumors, also known as retinal angiomas, can cause blindness if they are not promptly treated. Additionally, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), a particul  Read More

Sneddon syndrome is a rare progressive disorder affecting the blood vessels characterized by the association of a skin condition and neurological abnormalities. Characteristics include multiple episodes of reduced blood flow to the brain (cerebral ischemia) and bluish net-like patterns of discoloration on the skin surrounding normal- appearing skin (livedo reticularis). Major symptoms may include headache, dizziness, abnormally high blood pres  Read More

Moyamoya syndrome is a progressive disorder that affects the blood vessels in the brain (cerebrovascular). It is characterized by the narrowing (stenosis) and/or closing (occlusion) of the carotid artery inside the skull, the major artery that delivers blood to the brain. At the same time, tiny blood vessels at the base of the brain open up in an apparent attempt to supply blood to the brain distal to the blockage. These tiny vessels are the "  Read More

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by severe periorbital headaches, along with decreased and painful eye movements (ophthalmoplegia). Symptoms usually affect only one eye (unilateral). In most cases, affected individuals experience intense sharp pain and decreased eye movements. Symptoms often will subside without intervention (spontaneous remission) and may recur without a distinct pattern (randomly). Affected individuals m  Read More

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by severe periorbital headaches, along with decreased and painful eye movements (ophthalmoplegia). Symptoms usually affect only one eye (unilateral). In most cases, affected individuals experience intense sharp pain and decreased eye movements. Symptoms often will subside without intervention (spontaneous remission) and may recur without a distinct pattern (randomly). Affected individuals m  Read More

Pineal cysts are benign (non-cancerous) fluid-filled sacs located in the region of the brain that contains the pineal gland. Small pineal cysts (.5 cm or smaller) are common occurrences, often found incidentally on routine neurological exams. Small pineal cysts rarely cause symptoms (asymptomatic). Larger pineal cysts are rare findings that may cause a variety of symptoms (symptomatic). Symptoms may include headaches, increased pressure on the  Read More

Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is a very rare blood production disorder that affects the precursor of the red blood cell which are called reticulocytes. In PRCA, the bone marrow stops producing red blood cells, and this leads to low red blood cell count or anemia. This disorder usually affects adults. Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen to various cells and tissues. What causes PRCA? According  Read More

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is a rare condition that leads to blood clots to build small blood vessels across the course of the body. Clots like these can result in severe medical issues if they end up blocking blood vessels and restrict the flow of blood to organs like the brain, kidneys and the heart. A protein of ADAMTS13 enzyme in the blood plays a role in blood clotting. An inadequacy in the ADAMTS13  Read More

Japanese Encephalitis is a severe inflammation of the brain caused by the Japanese B Encephalitis Virus that is transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes in certain areas of the world, particularly Asia. This disorder most commonly affects children and tends to be more actively spread during the summer. Symptoms include high fever, headaches, weakness, nausea, vomiting, paralysis, personality changes, and coma, possibly leading to neurolo  Read More

The disorder known as von hippel-lindau (VHL) disease is hereditary (inherited). People with VHL have an increased risk of developing cancers in their eyes, kidneys, pancreas, adrenal glands, brain, spinal cord, and early adulthood. Most of the time, these tumors are benign (not cancer), but some of them can be malignant (cancerous). Is the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease manageable? There is a 50% ri  Read More

Signs and symptoms of whiplash usually — but not always — develop within 24 hours of the injury and may include: Neck pain and stiffness Worsening of pain with neck movement Loss of range of motion in the neck Headaches, most often starting at the base of the skull Tenderness or pain in the shoulder, upper back or arms Tingling or numbness in the arms Fatigu  Read More