About salivosudoriparous syndrome
What is salivosudoriparous syndrome?
Frey syndrome is a rare disorder that most often occurs as a result of surgery in the area near the parotid glands. The parotid glands are the largest salivary glands in the body located just below the ears on either side of the face. The main symptoms of Frey syndrome are undesirable sweating and flushing occurring on the cheek, temple (temporal region), or behind the ears (retroauricular region) after eating certain foods, especially those that produce a strong salivary response. Symptoms are often mild and well-tolerated. In some cases, symptoms may be more severe and therapy may be necessary. The exact underlying mechanisms that cause Frey syndrome are not fully understood. Frey syndrome most often occurs as a complication of surgery to the area of the face near the parotid glands.
What are the symptoms for salivosudoriparous syndrome?
Spontaneous sweating in response to food stimuli symptom was found in the salivosudoriparous syndrome condition
According to the Medical Dictionary Database of 2010, salivosudoriparous syndrome is an autonomic disorder which occurs due to excessive Sweating of the forehead, upper lip, perioral region or sternum that is successive to gustatory stimuli. It is also known as auriculotemporal syndrome or Frey’s syndrome.
The most common symptoms of salivosudoriparous syndrome are as follows:
1. Spontaneous Sweating in response to a food stimulus is one of the most common symptoms of this syndrome. This is also called gustatory sweating.
2. When you notice mild or profuse Sweating around the ears, on the forehead, cheeks, and neck region, it may be a result of salivosudoriparous syndrome.
3. A flushed or reddened face may occur due to this disorder.
4. Feelings of uneasiness, discomfort, and embarrassment may arise because of over sweating.
Salivosudoriparous syndrome may crop up because of trauma caused during the surgery of the salivary glands (parotids). It affects anybody, regardless of age, sex, race or ethnicity.
It has been observed that infants and newborns do not develop this condition frequently. Treatment of this disorder is suggested by the doctor after observing the syndrome’s intensity, tolerance level and the discomfort it causes to an individual.
Symptoms
Spontaneous Sweating in response to food stimuli,Reddened face,Extreme uneasiness,Mild or profuse Sweating around ears,Forehead,Cheeks or neck
Conditions
Dry mouth,Abnormal function of the salivary glands,Feeling of discomfort,Gustatory or taste-related Sweating
Drugs
Scopolamine and glycopyrrolate ointments,Clonidine,Botulinum toxin injections
What are the causes for salivosudoriparous syndrome?
Salivosudoriparous syndrome may occur if there has been a facial nerve injury during surgery on the parotid gland (a major salivary gland). It affects any person, regardless of age, sex, race or ethnicity.
The most common causes of salivosudoriparous syndrome are as follows:
1. A partial or complete parotidectomy is surgery on the parotid gland to remove tumors and cure inflammation. Salivosudoriparous syndrome is a post-surgical complication when the facial nerve is affected or realigned.
2. After surgery of the facial nerve, the auriculotemporal nerve branch excites the sweat glands and, thus, may give rise to gustatory sweating and cause the disorder.
3. The effect of the surgical trauma that is witnessed by the individuals may be a few months, or a few years after the surgery.
4. Occasionally, a face injury, a congenital defect, or an injury caused during delivery, may unfavorably affect nerve function and hence, trigger the syndrome.
5. The severity of salivosudoriparous syndrome depends on the surgery, size of the tumor, gland, or tissue which is removed. Moreover, doctors decide the treatment for the patient depending upon the post-operative recovery.
Symptoms
Spontaneous sweating in response to food stimuli,Reddened face,Extreme uneasiness,Mild or profuse sweating around ears,Forehead,Cheeks or neck
Conditions
Dry mouth,Abnormal function of the salivary glands,Feeling of discomfort,Gustatory or taste-related sweating
Drugs
Scopolamine and glycopyrrolate ointments,Clonidine,Botulinum toxin injections
What are the treatments for salivosudoriparous syndrome?
Salivosudoriparous syndrome is an autonomic disorder which may occur due to excessive sweating of the forehead, upper lip, perioral region or sternum that is successive to gustatory stimuli. Symptomatic treatment is suggested by doctors after observing the syndrome’s intensity, tolerance level and the discomfort it causes to an individual.
The most common treatments for salivosudoriparous syndrome are as follows:
1. Doctors may suggest using deodorants and antiperspirants in order to avoid excessive sweating.
2. Anticholinergic ointments, such as scopolamine and glycopyrrolate are prescribed to control sweating.
3. Antihydrotics or herbs that prevent excess perspiration and alpha-adrenergic agonist agents, like clonidine, may prove beneficial.
4. Botulinum toxin injections are effective for about a year.
5. Reconstructive surgery is a permanent solution for setting right any facial scars and deformities that were brought about by parotidectomy surgery. However, if the surgery is not performed by skilful doctors, it may complicate the condition.
Salivosudoriparous syndrome may arise because of trauma caused during the surgery of the salivary glands (parotids). This disorder affects anyone, regardless of age, sex, race or ethnicity. It is also known as auriculotemporal syndrome or Frey’s syndrome.
Symptoms
Spontaneous sweating in response to food stimuli,Reddened face,Extreme uneasiness,Mild or profuse sweating around ears,Forehead,Cheeks or neck
Conditions
Dry mouth,Abnormal function of the salivary glands,Feeling of discomfort,Gustatory or taste-related sweating
Drugs
Scopolamine and glycopyrrolate ointments,Clonidine,Botulinum toxin injections
What are the risk factors for salivosudoriparous syndrome?
An autonomic syndrome which is characterized by excessive sweating of the forehead, upper lip, perioral region, or sternum and is subsequent to gustatory stimuli is termed salivosudoriparous syndrome. Facial flushing or sweating may occur in this disorder after trauma to the parotid gland.
The most common risk factors for salivosudoriparous syndrome are as follows:
1. The main risk factor is surgery on the parotid gland, with or without follow-up reconstructive surgery.
2. If there is an injury to the mandibular branch of the facial nerve and in particular the auriculotemporal branch, it may result in salivosudoriparous syndrome or frey’s syndrome or auriculotemporal nerve syndrome.
3. This is a rare case, but if there exists a birth defect in the parotid salivary glands, or a facial nerve injury occurs in an infant due to forceps during its delivery, then the child may have to witness this syndrome.
The risk factors increase the chances of getting salivosudoriparous syndrome as compared to an individual without the risk factors. Furthermore, if one does not have a risk factor right now, it does not mean that one will not get the disorder. If you notice spontaneous sweating post parotid gland surgery, you must consult a doctor immediately.
Symptoms
Spontaneous sweating in response to food stimuli,Reddened face,Extreme uneasiness,Mild or profuse sweating around ears,Forehead,Cheeks or neck
Conditions
Dry mouth,Abnormal function of the salivary glands,Feeling of discomfort,Gustatory or taste-related sweating
Drugs
Scopolamine and glycopyrrolate ointments,Clonidine,Botulinum toxin injections
Is there a cure/medications for salivosudoriparous syndrome?
Salivosudoriparous syndrome is a condition characterized by excessive sweating while eating and facial flushing. It is caused by auriculotemporal nerve injury, which usually occurs after surgical trauma to the parotid gland. When this nerve heals, it reattaches to sweat glands rather than the original salivary gland.
Treatment
1. Although this syndrome is usually mild and tolerable, it can cause excruciating pain in some people.
2. Treatment is symptomatic and aimed at symptom relief. Until recent times, most treatment options were generally inadequate. Drug therapy or surgery are two treatment options.
3. Topical application of drugs that inhibit certain nervous system activities (anticholinergics) or drugs that inhibit sweating (antihydrotic) has been used.
4. Although surgical removal (excision) of the affected skin and insertion (interposition) of new tissue to the area affected (muscle flaps) have been described, they are considered risky due to the presence of facial nerve fibers directly beneath the skin after parotidectomy.
5. Botulinum A toxin has been used as a treatment for patients for over a decade. Botulinum A toxin injections in the damaged part are used as treatment.
6. According to preliminary findings, this therapy reduces sweating while causing no serious health consequences.
7. Another benefit of botulinum A toxin is that it is less invasive than other treatments. Botulinum toxin's effect, as with other indications, is not perpetual, lasting on average 9-12 months.
Symptoms
Spontaneous sweating in response to food stimuli,Reddened face,Extreme uneasiness,Mild or profuse sweating around ears,Forehead,Cheeks or neck
Conditions
Dry mouth,Abnormal function of the salivary glands,Feeling of discomfort,Gustatory or taste-related sweating
Drugs
Scopolamine and glycopyrrolate ointments,Clonidine,Botulinum toxin injections