- Exercise Benefits Brain Function: The Monoamine Connection
The beneficial effects of exercise on brain function have been demonstrated in animal models and in a growing number of clinical studies on humans. There are multiple mechanisms that account for the b... Read More
- Physical Activity and Brain Function in Older Adults at Increased Risk for Alzheimers Disease
Leisure-time physical activity (PA) and exercise training are known to help maintain cognitive function in healthy older adults. However, relatively little is known about the effects of PA on cognitiv... Read More
- An Evidence-Based Exercise Regimen for Patients with Mild to Moderate Parkinsons Disease
Parkinsons disease (PD) is a neurological disorder that is manifested in the form of both motor and non-motor symptoms such as resting tremor, bradykinesia, muscular rigidity, depression, and cogniti... Read More
- Promoting Motor Function by Exercising the Brain
Exercise represents a behavioral intervention that enhances brain health and motor function. The increase in cerebral blood volume in response to physical activity may be responsible for improving bra... Read More
- The Role of Substance P in Ischaemic Brain Injury
Stroke is a leading cause of death, disability and dementia worldwide. Despite extensive pre-clinical investigation, few therapeutic treatment options are available to patients, meaning that death, se... Read More
- Early Life Adversity Alters the Developmental Profiles of Addiction-Related Prefrontal Cortex Circuitry
Early adverse experience is a well-known risk factor for addictive behaviors later in life. Drug addiction typically manifests during adolescence in parallel with the later-developing prefrontal corte... Read More
- Neuroadaptive Changes Associated with Smoking: Structural and Functional Neural Changes in Nicotine Dependence
Tobacco smoking is the most frequent form of substance abuse. We provide a review of the neuroadaptive changes evidenced in human smokers with regard to the current neurobiological models of addiction... Read More
- Therapeutic Effect of Caffeine Treatment Immediately Following Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury on Spatial Memory in Male Rats
Hypoxia Ischemia (HI) refers to the disruption of blood and/or oxygen delivery to the brain. Term infants suffering perinatal complications that result in decreased blood flow and/or oxygen delivery t... Read More
- Neuroprotective Therapies after Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury
Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is one of the main causes of disabilities in term-born infants. It is the result of a deprivation of oxygen and glucose in the neural tissue. As one of the most impo... Read More
- The Protective Effect of Glibenclamide in a Model of Hemorrhagic Encephalopathy of Prematurity
We studied a model of hemorrhagic encephalopathy of prematurity (EP) that closely recapitulates findings in humans with hemorrhagic EP. This model involves tandem insults of 20 min intrauterine ischem... Read More
- Stem Cell Transplantation for Neuroprotection in Stroke
Stem cell-based therapies for stroke have expanded substantially over the last decade. The diversity of embryonic and adult tissue sources provides researchers with the ability to harvest an ample sup... Read More
- Compensating for Language Deficits in Amnesia I: H.M.s Spared Retrieval Categories
Three studies examined amnesic H.M.s use of words, phrases, and propositions on the Test of Language Competence (TLC). In Study 1, H.M. used 19 lexical categories (e.g., common nouns, verbs) and one ... Read More
- NADPH Oxidase and Angiogenesis Following Endothelin-1 Induced Stroke in Rats: Role for Nox2 in Brain Repair
NADPH oxidases contribute to brain injury, yet they may also have a role in brain repair, particularly in vascular signaling and angiogenesis. This study determined the temporal and spatial profile of... Read More
- Sleep Patterns and Homeostatic Mechanisms in Adolescent Mice
Sleep changes were studied in mice (n = 59) from early adolescence to adulthood (postnatal days P19111). REM sleep declined steeply in early adolescence, while total sleep remained constant and NREM ... Read More
- The Role of Ghrelin in Neuroprotection after Ischemic Brain Injury
Ghrelin, a gastrointestinal peptide with a major role in regulating feeding and metabolism, has recently been investigated for its neuroprotective effects. In this review we discuss pre-clinical evide... Read More
- Non-Coding RNAs as Potential Neuroprotectants against Ischemic Brain Injury
Over the past decade, scientific discoveries have highlighted new roles for a unique class of non-coding RNAs. Transcribed from the genome, these non-coding RNAs have been implicated in determining th... Read More
- White Matter Integrity Pre- and Post Marijuana and Alcohol Initiation in Adolescence
Characterizing the effects of alcohol and marijuana use on adolescent brain development is important for understanding potential alterations in neurodevelopment. Several cross sectional studies have i... Read More
- Compensating for Language Deficits in Amnesia II: H.M.s Spared versus Impaired Encoding Categories
Although amnesic H.M. typically could not recall where or when he met someone, he could recall their topics of conversation after long interference-filled delays, suggesting impaired encoding for some... Read More
- A Program for Solving the Brain Ischemia Problem
Our recently described nonlinear dynamical model of cell injury is here applied to the problems of brain ischemia and neuroprotection. We discuss measurement of global brain ischemia injury dynamics b... Read More
- Sex-Specific Brain Deficits in Auditory Processing in an Animal Model of Cocaine-Related Schizophrenic Disorders
Cocaine is a psychostimulant in the pharmacological class of drugs called Local Anesthetics. Interestingly, cocaine is the only drug in this class that has a chemical formula comprised of a tropane ri... Read More